Hot-air furnace



(MModaL) I L. GOULD.

H01; AirPurnaoe;

5,945. Patented awes, I880.

Nix-trans. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGWN. n, c

Uwrrnn STATES ATENT rrica,

LYMAN GOULD, OF NORWICH, CONNECTICUT.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,945, dated December28, 1880,

Application filed October 19, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN GOULD, a citizen of the United States,residing at Norwich, in the county of New London and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFurnaces for Warming Dwellings; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and toletters or figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to that class of furnaces used for warmingdwelling-houses and other buildings in which the heated air employed forthat purpose is subjected, during the process of warming, first, todirect contact with the outer sides of metallic plates, the oppositesides of which are exposed to the action of the tire; and, secondly,exposing the same air to contact with steam-heated radiating-surfacesbefore it is allowed to pass into the pipes by which itis conducted tothe rooms to be warmed. The object is to produce a heating apparatus inwhich, as nearly as possible, the full heating effect of the fuel issecured, and which will prevent the danger of fires arising from airheated above the point of ignition passinginto the distributing-pipesand the invention consists in the manner of constructing and arrangingthe difierent parts of the furnace, as will be hereinafter fully setforth, and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section throughthe brick-work of the furnace, with a side view of the boiler andfire-box, the grate-bars and bridge-wall being indicated in dottedlines. Fig. 2 is an end view of the boiler, inclosing brick-work, andtire-box, the metallic front plate being removed, soIasto give aview ofthe above-named parts.

The boiler A is of that class usually known as tubular cylinders,consisting of a plain cylindrical shell of suitable length, providedwith heads which are pierced to receive any desired number of tubes,through which the products of combustion pass on their way to thechimney. Upon each side and across one (No model.)

end of this boiler, near its water-line, are secured, by rivets, theangle irons a, and depending from and secured to these angleirons, byrivets or other suitable means, are the side plates, 13, and end plate,B, preferably formed of cast iron, although wrought-iron plates maybeused; but their liability to warp under the exposure to suddenvariations of temperature renders them, in some respects, lessdesirable. These plates 13 and B form three sides of thecoinbustion-ol'lamber beneath the boiler, the bottom of said chamberbeing formed bythe cast-iron plate C, provided with an upwardlyprojecting flange, or having a groove around its edge, which receivesand holds in position the lower edges of the plates B and B. in one endof this combustion-chamher is placed the lire-box D, its sides beingformed by the brick walls I) b lining the inner sides of the plates B atthat point, while its rear is formed by the bridge-wall I) connectingthe rear ends of the walls I) b. This firebox is supplied with a grate,c, of any approved construction, beneath which is the ash-pit E. Bothfirebox and ash-pit are supplied with suitable doors formed in the frontplate, F, which covers the whole front of the furnace except thenecessary openings for the introduction of fuel, removal of ashes, andexit of smoke and gases.

' A plate, B, may, if desired, be placed upon the brick-work over thedoor to the fire-box, with its upper edge concaved to fitthe lower sideof the boiler; or its place may be filled by a wall of brick fittingsnugly and assisting to support the front end of the boiler.

A smoke box or jacket, G, is also attached to the front plate F, andcovers an orifice in said plate corresponding to the end of the boilernext it, for the purpose of receiving and carrying to the chimney theproducts of combustion upon their exit from the boiler-tubes.

Rising from the top of the boiler is a steampipe, d, which conveys thesteam produced to the radiator E. This radiator may be composed of aseries of tubes arranged in the manner shown, or it may be formed in anyof the well-known methods now in use for constructin g such anapparatus, the point desired being to furnish such an amount ofradiating-surface as shall enable the air to take up enough of thesteam-heat to reconvert the steam into water, which flows back into theboiler, thus requiring but a small quantity of water to keep the lattersupplied, it being necessary to simply supply the loss from unavoidableleakage.

The apparatus hereinbefore described is all supportedupon the piers e,which are placed beneath the bottom plate, (J, thus raising the lattersufficiently to admit of a free circulation of air beneath it. The coldair being preferably introduced at the point a, beneath the ash-pit,passes along beneath the warmed plate 0 and out and upward atits sidesand ends, as indicated by the arrows.

It will be seen that the devices for producing heat and imparting it tothe air are all inclosed within a chamber formed by the Walls I, whichsurround it upon all sides, while the top of the chamber is formed by aceiling of brick or other non-conductor of heat, arched or otherwisesupported, and only pierced by the openings f for the exit of heatedair.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: A fire having been startedupon the grate, the products of combustion pass over the bridgewall intothe large combustion-chamber in its rear, where the smoke and gases arethoroughly mixed and their perfect combustion insured by theintroduction of more air, if necessary. From this point they passthrough the tubes of the'boiler to the smoke-box and chimney, by whichtime their useful heat will have been imparted to the plates of thecombustionchamber and water of the boiler, which water, when convertedinto steam, rises up and fills the radiator placed above the boiler. Thecold air entering beneath the bottom plate receives its firstinstallment ofl eatfrom that source. As it then passes upward betweenthe side and end plates which form the walls of the combustion-chamberand the outer walls, I, inclosing the air-chamber, it becomes stillfurther heated, and in its course toward the exit-pipe or pipes f,through the steam coil or radiator, it receives, if below, the heat ofsteam, an addition to its temperature but if it be already above thatpoint, a portion or the whole of this excess will'be abstracted by thesteamcoil, reducing the heat of the air before it enters the exit-pipesto a point below that of ignition, thus preventing danger of fire fromover-heated air. Another advantage gained by the use of this apparatusis that the great amount of heat stored in the water of the boiler willkeep up the supply of heated air for some time after the fire has becomelow or gone out entirelya result which is of great value where wood orpeat is used as fuel, it being unnecessary to keep up the fires duringthe night, as the apparatus will continue to give out a fair supply ofheat for some hours after the fire has been completely extinguished.

Having thus described my invention, I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, the following:

1. In an apparatus for heating air, the combination, withacombustion-chamber the sides of which are formed by the union ofvertical radiating-plates, and the top by a steam-boiler to which saidplates are united by means of angle-irons, of a steam-radiator attachedabove the boiler, the whole being supported on suitable piers andsurrounded by an inclosingairchamber provided with inlet and outlettubes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an apparatus for heating air, the combination of the boiler A,radiator H, vertical plates B B B, united to the boiler by angleirons a,bottom plate, 0, supported on piers e, lining-walls b b, bridge-wall b,grate c, and inclosing-wall I, all constructed and arrangedsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

, LYMAN GOULD.

Witnesses:

JAMES A. HovEY, CHAS. F. THAYER.

